The protective role of procyanidins and lycopene against mercuric chloride renal damage in rats

Biomed Environ Sci. 2011 Oct;24(5):550-9. doi: 10.3967/0895-3988.2011.05.015.

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate the protection of procyanidins and lycopene from the renal damage induced by mercuric chloride.

Methods: Rats were treated with either procyanidins or lycopene 2h before HgCl(2) subcutaneously injection, once daily treatment for 2 successive days.

Results: In comparison with HgCl(2) group, markers of renal function such as blood urea nitrogen in serum and urinary protein were decreased to (18.45±11.63) mmol/L and (15.93±9.36) mmol/L, (4.54±0.78) g/(g·Cr) and (4.40±1.12) g/(g·Cr). N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase in urine were depressed to (125.49±11.68) U/(g·Cr), (103.73±21.79) U/(g·Cr), (101.99±12.28) U/(g·Cr), and (113.19±23.74) U/(g·Cr), (71.14±21.80) U/(g·Cr), (73.64±21.51) U/(g·Cr) in procyanidins and lycopene groups. Indicators of oxidative stress, for example, Glutathion was reduced to (45.58±9.89) μmol/(g·pro) and (45.33±5.90) μmol/(g·pro), and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione-peroxidase were enhanced to (43.07±10.97) U/(mg·pro) and (39.94±6.04) U/(mg·pro), (83.85±18.48) U/(mg·pro), and (85.62±12.68) U/(mg·pro). Malondialdehyde was lowered to (0.95±0.12) (μmol/g·pro) and (1.03±0.12) μmol/(g·pro) in procyanidins and lycopene groups. ROS generation was decreased by 27.63% and 16.40% and apoptosis was also decreased in procyanidins and lycopene groups respectively. Pathological changes were much better as well.

Conclusion: Procyanidins and Lycopene play some protective role against mercury kidney damage.

MeSH terms

  • Acetylglucosaminidase / urine
  • Alkaline Phosphatase / urine
  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / therapeutic use*
  • Blood Urea Nitrogen
  • Carotenoids / therapeutic use*
  • Glutathione / metabolism
  • Glutathione Peroxidase / metabolism
  • Kidney / drug effects*
  • Kidney / metabolism
  • Kidney / pathology
  • Kidney Diseases / chemically induced
  • Kidney Diseases / metabolism
  • Kidney Diseases / pathology
  • Kidney Diseases / prevention & control*
  • L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / urine
  • Lipid Peroxidation
  • Lycopene
  • Malondialdehyde / metabolism
  • Mercuric Chloride / pharmacokinetics
  • Mercuric Chloride / toxicity*
  • Mercuric Chloride / urine
  • Mercury / metabolism
  • Proanthocyanidins / therapeutic use*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Superoxide Dismutase / metabolism

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Proanthocyanidins
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Carotenoids
  • Malondialdehyde
  • Mercuric Chloride
  • L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
  • Glutathione Peroxidase
  • Superoxide Dismutase
  • Alkaline Phosphatase
  • Acetylglucosaminidase
  • Mercury
  • Glutathione
  • Lycopene