Management of tumor lysis syndrome with a single fixed dose of rasburicase in Asian lymphoma patients: a case series and literature review

Asia Pac J Clin Oncol. 2011 Dec;7(4):351-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-7563.2011.01464.x.

Abstract

Aim: Recently, a number of studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of a single reduced dose of rasburicase for the management of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) in adults. Whether Asian lymphoma patients similarly respond to a single dose of rasburicase is currently unknown. We aim to assess the efficacy of a single dose rasburicase in preventing TLS in Asian lymphoma patients.

Methods: This was a single-center case series of adult lymphoma patients at high risk of TLS who received a single fixed dose of rasburicase. Patients had to have their uric acid, serum creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase and electrolytes monitored for at least 24-48 h post-administration.

Results: Eleven patients were identified. Majority were Chinese (91%), male (64%) and with a median age of 61 years (range 41-84). All had at least two risk factors for developing TLS. Ten patients received a 6-mg dose and one received 4.5 mg. Prior to rasburicase administration, the mean uric acid level was 835 µmol/L (range 318-1237 µmol/L) and the level 24-h post-administration was 186 µmol/L (range 30-653 µmol/L) (P < 0.001). Eight patients (73%) experienced an improvement of renal function 72-h post-rasburicase. Normalization of serum electrolytes was achieved within 96 h.

Conclusion: Among Asian lymphoma patients who manifested at least two risk factors for developing TLS, a single fixed dose of rasburicase at 6 mg is deemed to be effective for rapidly lowering uric acid levels as well as sustaining reduced levels for up to 72 h.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Asia
  • Burkitt Lymphoma / blood
  • Burkitt Lymphoma / pathology*
  • Creatinine / blood
  • Female
  • Humans
  • L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / blood
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / blood
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / pathology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Risk Factors
  • Tumor Lysis Syndrome / blood
  • Tumor Lysis Syndrome / drug therapy*
  • Tumor Lysis Syndrome / pathology
  • Urate Oxidase / therapeutic use*
  • Uric Acid / blood

Substances

  • rasburicase
  • Uric Acid
  • Creatinine
  • L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
  • Urate Oxidase