Cutting edge: a TLR9 cytoplasmic tyrosine motif is selectively required for proinflammatory cytokine production

J Immunol. 2012 Jan 15;188(2):527-30. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102713. Epub 2011 Dec 14.

Abstract

Compartmentalization of nucleic acid sensing TLR9 has been implicated as a mechanism to prevent recognition of self nucleic acid structures. Furthermore, recognition of CpG DNA in different endosomal compartments leads to the production of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α, or type I IFN. We previously characterized a tyrosine-based motif at aa 888-891 in the cytoplasmic tail of TLR9 important for appropriate intracellular localization. In this article, we show that this motif is selectively required for the production of TNF, but not IFN. In response to CpG DNA stimulation, the proteolytically processed 80-kDa fragment is tyrosine phosphorylated. Although Y888 is not itself phosphorylated, the structure of this motif is necessary for both TLR9 phosphorylation and TNF-α production in response to CpG DNA. We conclude that bifurcation in TLR9 signaling is regulated by a critical tyrosine motif in the cytoplasmic tail.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Motifs / genetics
  • Amino Acid Motifs / immunology
  • Animals
  • Cells, Cultured
  • CpG Islands / immunology
  • Cytokines / biosynthesis*
  • Cytokines / physiology
  • Cytoplasm / genetics
  • Cytoplasm / immunology
  • Cytoplasm / pathology
  • Humans
  • Inflammation Mediators / metabolism
  • Inflammation Mediators / physiology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Phosphorylation / genetics
  • Phosphorylation / immunology
  • Point Mutation
  • Signal Transduction / genetics
  • Signal Transduction / immunology
  • Toll-Like Receptor 9 / deficiency
  • Toll-Like Receptor 9 / metabolism
  • Toll-Like Receptor 9 / physiology*
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / biosynthesis
  • Tyrosine / genetics
  • Tyrosine / physiology*

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Tlr9 protein, mouse
  • Toll-Like Receptor 9
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Tyrosine