The nuclear envelope protein Nesprin-2 has roles in cell proliferation and differentiation during wound healing

Nucleus. 2012 Mar 1;3(2):172-86. doi: 10.4161/nucl.19090. Epub 2012 Mar 1.

Abstract

Nesprin-2, a type II transmembrane protein of the nuclear envelope, is a component of the LINC complex that connects the nuclear lamina with the actin cytoskeleton. To elucidate its physiological role we studied wound healing in Nesprin-2 Giant deficient mice and found that a loss of the protein affected wound healing particularly at later stages during fibroblast differentiation and keratinocyte proliferation leading to delayed wound closure. We identified altered expression and localization of transcription factors as one of the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, the actin cytoskeleton which surrounds the nucleus was altered and keratinocyte migration was slowed down and focal adhesion formation enhanced. We also uncovered a new activity of Nesprin-2. When we probed for an interaction of Nesprin-2 Giant with chromatin we observed in ChIP Seq experiments an association of the protein with heterochromatic and centromeric DNA. Through this activity Nesprin-2 can affect the nuclear landscape and gene regulation. Our findings suggest functions for Nesprin-2 at the nuclear envelope (NE) in gene regulation and in regulation of the actin cytoskeleton which impact on wound healing.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Active Transport, Cell Nucleus / drug effects
  • Animals
  • Cell Differentiation* / drug effects
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Movement / drug effects
  • Cell Nucleus / drug effects
  • Cell Nucleus / metabolism
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cytoskeleton / drug effects
  • Cytoskeleton / metabolism
  • Female
  • Fibroblasts / cytology
  • Fibroblasts / metabolism
  • Focal Adhesions / drug effects
  • Gene Knockout Techniques
  • Humans
  • Keratinocytes / cytology
  • Keratinocytes / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mutation
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / deficiency
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / genetics
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / metabolism*
  • Nuclear Proteins / deficiency
  • Nuclear Proteins / genetics
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / metabolism
  • Regeneration / drug effects
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Smad Proteins / metabolism
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta / pharmacology
  • Wound Healing* / drug effects

Substances

  • Nerve Tissue Proteins
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos
  • Smad Proteins
  • Syne2 protein, mouse
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta