AL amyloidosis with temporal artery involvement simulates giant-cell arteritis

Joint Bone Spine. 2012 Mar;79(2):195-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2011.09.007. Epub 2011 Dec 28.

Abstract

Light-chain (AL) amyloidosis may present with features suggesting vasculitis, including giant-cell arteritis (GCA). We describe a case of an 80-year-old man, who initially presented with bilateral jaw claudication, bi-temporal headache and arthralgia, however a temporal-artery biopsy then revealed AL amyloidosis. A diagnosis of AL amyloidosis complicating multiple myelome simulates GCA and polymyalgia rheumatica was established. The patient was successfully treated with melphalan and dexamethasone: the free kappa light chains decreased, the patient's jaw claudication and headache disappeared. Then we discuss similarities between GCA and AL amyloidosis and potential confusion in diagnosis. We suggest that, in patients with clinical features of GCA without any temporal-artery typical findings, specimens are stained with Congo red, which then results in a different diagnosis and treatment.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Amyloid / chemistry*
  • Amyloidosis / diagnosis*
  • Amyloidosis / drug therapy
  • Amyloidosis / etiology
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Biopsy
  • Comorbidity
  • Dexamethasone / therapeutic use
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Giant Cell Arteritis / diagnosis*
  • Giant Cell Arteritis / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Melphalan / therapeutic use
  • Multiple Myeloma / complications
  • Multiple Myeloma / diagnosis*
  • Multiple Myeloma / drug therapy
  • Polymyalgia Rheumatica / diagnosis*
  • Polymyalgia Rheumatica / epidemiology
  • Temporal Arteries / pathology*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Amyloid
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Dexamethasone
  • Melphalan