Half-life extension of a single-chain diabody by fusion to domain B of staphylococcal protein A

Protein Eng Des Sel. 2012 Feb;25(2):81-8. doi: 10.1093/protein/gzr061. Epub 2012 Jan 11.

Abstract

Binding of a therapeutic protein to a long-circulating plasma protein can result in a strongly extended half-life. Among these plasma proteins, albumin and immunoglobulins are of special interest because of their exceptionally long half-life, which is to a great extent determined by recycling through the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn). Many strategies have been established employing reversible binding to albumin, e.g. using an albumin-binding domain from streptococcal protein G. We show here that the half-life of a recombinant antibody molecule can also be prolonged by fusion to a single immunoglobulin-binding domain (IgBD) from staphylococcal protein A. This domain (domain B, SpA(B)) is composed of 56 amino acid residues and was fused to the C-terminus of a bispecific single-chain diabody (scDb). The scDb-SpA(B) fusion protein was produced in HEK293 cells and retained its antigen-binding activity as shown by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the fusion protein was capable of binding to human and mouse IgG in a pH-dependent manner. In mice, the terminal half-life of the fusion protein was improved from ∼1-2 h of the unmodified scDb to 11.8 h. Although the fusion protein did not reach the long half-life seen for IgG, our results established the applicability of a single bacterial IgBD for half-life extension purposes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Binding Sites
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Half-Life
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Immunoglobulin G / metabolism
  • Jurkat Cells
  • Mice
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Protein Engineering / methods*
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / chemistry
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / pharmacokinetics*
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / pharmacology
  • Single-Chain Antibodies / chemistry
  • Single-Chain Antibodies / metabolism
  • Single-Chain Antibodies / pharmacokinetics*
  • Single-Chain Antibodies / pharmacology
  • Staphylococcal Protein A / chemistry*
  • Staphylococcal Protein A / pharmacology

Substances

  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Single-Chain Antibodies
  • Staphylococcal Protein A