Tramadol-metoclopramide or remifentanil for patient-controlled analgesia during second trimester abortion: a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial

J Clin Anesth. 2012 Feb;24(1):28-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2011.05.003.

Abstract

Study objective: To compare patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with tramadol with PCA with remifentanil in second trimester abortion.

Design: Prospective, randomized double-blinded study

Setting: University-affiliated medical center.

Patients: 30 ASA physical status 1 and 2 patients undergoing a second trimester abortion.

Interventions: Patients received PCA with either tramadol or remifentanil. Analgesia was initiated in the tramadol group by an initial loading dose of tramadol 1.0 mg/kg with 10 mg of metoclopramide followed by a PCA bolus of 0.3 mg/kg/mL of tramadol every 5 minutes. For remifentanil, which does not require a loading dose, a placebo of 100 mL of 0.9% normal saline was given followed by PCA of 0.4 μg/kg/mL every two minutes.

Measurements: Women were evaluated for pain via verbal analog score (VAS; 0-100), sedation, nausea, blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory rate. On the day of discharge, women were analyzed for overall satisfaction. Primary outcome was pain scores and general satisfaction.

Main results: Analysis by time yielded no statistically significant difference in VAS scores between the groups at any point except 16-20 hours after induction of labor, when pain was lower in the tramadol group (11.3 ± 18.1 vs. 36.7 ± 27.4; P = 0.04). The average VAS score was low in both groups, with no significant differences noted between groups (P = 0.74). Satisfaction scores were high in both groups, with no significant differences noted between them (P = 0.89).

Conclusion: Both drugs are acceptable choices for pain control in patients undergoing second trimester abortions.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Abortion, Induced / methods*
  • Academic Medical Centers
  • Adult
  • Analgesia, Patient-Controlled / methods
  • Analgesics, Opioid / administration & dosage
  • Analgesics, Opioid / therapeutic use
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Metoclopramide / administration & dosage
  • Metoclopramide / therapeutic use*
  • Pain / drug therapy
  • Pain / etiology
  • Pain Measurement
  • Patient Satisfaction
  • Piperidines / administration & dosage
  • Piperidines / therapeutic use*
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Trimester, Second
  • Prospective Studies
  • Remifentanil
  • Tramadol / administration & dosage
  • Tramadol / therapeutic use*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Analgesics, Opioid
  • Piperidines
  • Tramadol
  • Metoclopramide
  • Remifentanil