Paramyxovirus V proteins interact with the RNA Helicase LGP2 to inhibit RIG-I-dependent interferon induction

J Virol. 2012 Apr;86(7):3411-21. doi: 10.1128/JVI.06405-11. Epub 2012 Feb 1.

Abstract

RIG-I and mda-5 are activated by viral RNA and stimulate type I interferon production. Laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (LGP2) shares homology with RIG-I and mda-5 but lacks the CARD domains required for signaling. The V proteins of paramyxoviruses limit interferon induction by binding mda-5 and preventing its activation; however, they do not bind RIG-I and have not been considered inhibitors of RIG-I signaling. Here we uncover a novel mechanism of RIG-I inhibition in which the V protein of parainfluenzavirus type 5 (PIV5; formerly known as simian virus type 5 [SV5]) interacts with LGP2 and cooperatively inhibits induction by RIG-I ligands. A complex between RIG-I and LGP2 is observed in the presence of PIV5-V, and we propose that this complex is refractory to activation by RIG-I ligands. The V proteins from other paramyxoviruses also bind LGP2 and demonstrate LGP2-dependent inhibition of RIG-I signaling. This is significant, because it demonstrates a general mechanism for the targeting of the RIG-I pathway by paramyxoviruses.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Cell Line
  • DEAD Box Protein 58
  • DEAD-box RNA Helicases / chemistry
  • DEAD-box RNA Helicases / genetics
  • DEAD-box RNA Helicases / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1
  • Interferon-beta / genetics
  • Interferon-beta / metabolism*
  • Interferons / genetics
  • Interferons / metabolism*
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Protein Binding
  • RNA Helicases / chemistry
  • RNA Helicases / genetics
  • RNA Helicases / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Immunologic
  • Rubulavirus / genetics
  • Rubulavirus / metabolism*
  • Rubulavirus Infections / enzymology*
  • Rubulavirus Infections / genetics
  • Rubulavirus Infections / virology
  • Sequence Alignment
  • Viral Proteins / genetics
  • Viral Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • Receptors, Immunologic
  • V protein, Paramyxovirus
  • Viral Proteins
  • Interferon-beta
  • Interferons
  • DHX58 protein, human
  • RIGI protein, human
  • IFIH1 protein, human
  • DEAD Box Protein 58
  • DEAD-box RNA Helicases
  • Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1
  • RNA Helicases