The protein kinase Akt1 regulates the interferon response through phosphorylation of the transcriptional repressor EMSY

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Mar 6;109(10):E613-21. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1115029109. Epub 2012 Feb 6.

Abstract

The protein kinases Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3 possess nonredundant signaling properties, few of which have been investigated. Here, we present evidence for an Akt1-dependent pathway that controls interferon (IFN)-regulated gene expression and antiviral immunity. The target of this pathway is EMSY, an oncogenic interacting partner of BRCA2 that functions as a transcriptional repressor. Overexpression of EMSY in hTERT-immortalized mammary epithelial cells, and in breast and ovarian carcinoma cell lines, represses IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in a BRCA2-dependent manner, whereas its knockdown has the opposite effect. EMSY binds to the promoters of ISGs, suggesting that EMSY functions as a direct transcriptional repressor. Akt1, but not Akt2, phosphorylates EMSY at Ser209, relieving EMSY-mediated ISG repression. The Akt1/EMSY/ISG pathway is activated by both viral infection and IFN, and it inhibits the replication of HSV-1 and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Collectively, these data define an Akt1-dependent pathway that contributes to the full activation of ISGs by relieving their repression by EMSY and BRCA2.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • 3T3 Cells
  • Animals
  • BRCA2 Protein / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Humans
  • Interferons / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Models, Biological
  • Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism*
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism*
  • Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors
  • Proteins / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism*
  • Repressor Proteins / metabolism*
  • Transcription, Genetic

Substances

  • BRCA2 Protein
  • BRCA2 protein, human
  • BRCA2 protein, mouse
  • EMSY protein, human
  • EMSY protein, mouse
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Proteins
  • Repressor Proteins
  • Rsad2 protein, mouse
  • Interferons
  • Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors
  • RSAD2 protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt