Interleukin-22 drives endogenous thymic regeneration in mice

Science. 2012 Apr 6;336(6077):91-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1218004. Epub 2012 Mar 1.

Abstract

Endogenous thymic regeneration is a crucial function that allows for renewal of immune competence after stress, infection, or immunodepletion. However, the mechanisms governing this regeneration remain poorly understood. We detail such a mechanism, centered on interleukin-22 (IL-22) and triggered by the depletion of CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive thymocytes. Intrathymic levels of IL-22 were increased after thymic insult, and thymic recovery was impaired in IL-22-deficient mice. IL-22, which signaled through thymic epithelial cells and promoted their proliferation and survival, was up-regulated by radio-resistant RORγ(t)(+)CCR6(+)NKp46(-) lymphoid tissue inducer cells after thymic injury in an IL-23-dependent manner. Administration of IL-22 enhanced thymic recovery after total body irradiation. These studies reveal mechanisms of endogenous thymic repair and offer innovative regenerative strategies for improving immune competence.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Count
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cell Survival
  • Dendritic Cells / physiology
  • Epithelial Cells / cytology
  • Epithelial Cells / physiology
  • Interleukin-22
  • Interleukin-23 / metabolism
  • Interleukins / administration & dosage
  • Interleukins / deficiency
  • Interleukins / genetics
  • Interleukins / metabolism*
  • Lymphocytes / cytology
  • Lymphocytes / physiology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3 / genetics
  • Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3 / metabolism
  • Radiation Dosage
  • Receptors, Interleukin / metabolism
  • Recombinant Proteins / administration & dosage
  • Regeneration*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Thymocytes / physiology*
  • Thymus Gland / cytology
  • Thymus Gland / immunology
  • Thymus Gland / physiology*
  • Thymus Gland / radiation effects
  • Up-Regulation
  • Whole-Body Irradiation

Substances

  • Interleukin-23
  • Interleukins
  • Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3
  • Receptors, Interleukin
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Rorc protein, mouse
  • interleukin-22 receptor