Selecting a test for the clinical assessment of balance and walking capacity at the definitive fitting state after unilateral amputation: a comparative study

Prosthet Orthot Int. 2012 Dec;36(4):415-22. doi: 10.1177/0309364612437904. Epub 2012 Mar 2.

Abstract

Background: There is a lack of data and consensus concerning the most appropriate functional evaluation in clinical practice at the definitive prosthetic phase after lower limb amputation.

Objectives: To determine among several selected functional tests the most pertinent to evaluate balance and prosthetic walking.

Study design: Validation of a diagnostic procedure.

Methods: Sixty-four patients were included.

Outcome measures: Timed Up and Go test, Functional Reach test (FRT), one-leg balance, tandem test, Modified Houghton Scale, Berg Balance Scale, two-minute walk test (2MW test). Correlations were assessed with the Pearson correlation coefficient and the Principal Component Analysis. Score distribution was analyzed with the Shapiro-Wilk W normality test. Receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn to identify the best predictor for the function.

Results: The clinical tests correlated highly with each other. Only 2MW test and FRT did not have either a floor/ceiling effect, or a bi-modal distribution. The 2MW test was the best predictor of prosthetic walking limitations (area under the curve 0.93 (0.83-0.97), the best threshold was between 130 and 150 meters), and FRT was best for balance.

Conclusions: 2MW test can be proposed as the first-line clinical test. The FRT can be indicated for the specific assessment of balance disorders. Clinical relevance This validation of a clinical evaluation of balance and walking capacity after lower limb amputation may be useful in everyday practice to ensure in a simple and standardized way the follow-up of patients and adapt treatments--especially prosthetics--at the definitive prosthetic phase.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Amputees* / rehabilitation
  • Health Status Indicators
  • Humans
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care
  • Postural Balance*
  • Principal Component Analysis
  • Psychometrics
  • ROC Curve
  • Recovery of Function
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Walking*
  • Young Adult