The risk factors to predict acute rejection in liver transplantation

Transplant Proc. 2012 Mar;44(2):526-8. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.01.041.

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors for an acute cellular rejection episode (ARE) among adult liver transplant (OLT) patients.

Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed 110 consecutive patients who underwent OLT between May 2007 and December 2010. The diagnosis of ARE was based upon clinical and biochemical data; liver biopsy was only performed when clinical presentation was equivocal. We recorded donor and recipient characteristics, perioperative immune status, and postoperative laboratory data. Forty patients (36.4%) who suffered a clinical rejection episode and received pulsed or recycled steroid therapy (R group), were compared with 70 (63.6%) free of rejection (N group).

Results: The mean age of R recipients was 46.61±9.97 years, which was younger than the N group (51.86±8.37, P=.005). R group patients displayed a lower pre-OLT creatinine (P=.016) and higher alanine aminotransferase (P=.048). Cox regression model showed recipient age to be the only significant factor to predict ARE (odds ratio=1.071, P=.003). The cutpoint of age was 46 years by receiver operating characteristic analysis. Patients younger than 46 years showed higher initial CD8+ T-cell counts (P=.038).

Conclusion: Recipient age was significantly associated with ARE; younger patients showed higher CD8+ lymphocyte counts than older patients. More aggressive immunosuppression should be considered for younger recipients to prevent ARE.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Alanine Transaminase / blood
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Creatinine / blood
  • Female
  • Graft Rejection / blood
  • Graft Rejection / etiology*
  • Graft Rejection / immunology
  • Graft Rejection / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Liver Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Liver Transplantation / immunology
  • Logistic Models
  • Lymphocyte Count
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Odds Ratio
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • ROC Curve
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Taiwan
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Creatinine
  • Alanine Transaminase