Pharmacodynamic responses to combined treatment regimens with the calcium sensing receptor antagonist JTT-305/MK-5442 and alendronate in osteopenic ovariectomized rats

Bone. 2012 Jun;50(6):1332-42. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2012.03.004. Epub 2012 Mar 14.

Abstract

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is the anabolic standard of care for patients with severe osteoporosis. The CaSR allosteric antagonist JTT-305/MK-5442, a PTH secretagogue, could offer an oral osteoanabolic treatment alternative for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Here we disclose the pharmacokinetic profile of JTT-305/MK-5442 and its activity on bone remodeling in ovariectomized (OVX) osteopenic rats. Daily treatments (0.3 to 2.4 mg/kg/d) for 12 weeks resulted in plateaued BMD increases (3.8 to 5.3%) at axial and appendicular skeletal sites. However, treatment effects were not statistically significant, in agreement with effects seen in animals treated with low dose PTH (1-84) (5 μg/kg/d). In a consecutive study we tested JTT-305/MK-5442 effects on bone formation in OVX-rats challenged with combined alendronate (ALN) treatment paradigms. At 7 month, JTT-305/MK-5442 treatment significantly increased BMD in lumbar vertebrae (LV), while no change in BMD was observed in femora or tibiae. ALN add-on co-treatment produced incremental increases in LV, distal femur (DF) and proximal tibia (PT) BMD over the respective ALN control. Histological analyses confirmed modest increases in mineralized surface (MS/BS) and bone formation rate (30.5±1.9%) on trabecular surfaces by JTT-305/MK-5442. As expected, ALN administration profoundly reduced bone formation, however, JTT-305/MK-5442 significantly stimulated MS/BS and BFR in ALN treated groups. In summary, JTT-305/MK-5442 acts as a PTH secretagogue in the osteopenic OVX-rat, eliciting consistent, though modest effects on remediation of BMD due to estrogen depletion. Induction of bone formation by JTT-305/MK-5442 at trabecular bone surfaces appears to be resilient to ALN-mediated suppression of bone formation. This study provides for the first time, a mechanistic evaluation of combination treatment of a PTH secretagogue with ALN.

MeSH terms

  • Alendronate / administration & dosage*
  • Animals
  • Benzoates / administration & dosage*
  • Bone Density / drug effects
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Bone Diseases, Metabolic / drug therapy*
  • Bone Diseases, Metabolic / etiology
  • Bone Diseases, Metabolic / metabolism
  • Bone Diseases, Metabolic / pathology
  • Bone Remodeling / drug effects
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Drug Synergism
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Estrogens / deficiency
  • Female
  • Ovariectomy
  • Parathyroid Hormone / blood
  • Propanolamines / administration & dosage*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Receptors, Calcium-Sensing / antagonists & inhibitors*

Substances

  • Benzoates
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents
  • Estrogens
  • JTT 305
  • Parathyroid Hormone
  • Propanolamines
  • Receptors, Calcium-Sensing
  • Alendronate