Naturalistic pharmacotherapy of acute episodes of schizophrenic disorders in comparison to treatment guidelines

Pharmacopsychiatry. 2012 Jul;45(5):189-95. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1301286. Epub 2012 Mar 28.

Abstract

Introduction: This study was designed to investigate to what extent guidelines regarding the pharmacological treatment of patients suffering from schizophrenia-like psychosis are adopted in a naturalistic treatment setting.

Methods: Medical records of n=819 patients undergoing inpatient treatment for schizophrenia-like psychosis in 11 psychiatric hospitals in northwestern Germany were retrospectively analyzed and findings were compared to current schizophrenia guideline recommendations.

Results: The prescription rate of second generation antipsychotics increased from 47.1% on admission to 62.5% at discharge. Only half the patients (52.3%) received antipsychotic monotherapy while 47.7% took between 2 and 4 antipsychotic substances at a time. Dosage increases occurred most frequently (in 60%) within the first week of inpatient treatment, 16.6% experienced an elevation between days 15 and 29. A change within the atypical medication was found in 19.3%. Clozapine prescriptions increased throughout the treatment but were combined with other antipsychotic substances in the majority of cases.

Conclusion: Under naturalistic conditions guideline recommendations for treatment of schizophrenia-like psychosis are adhered to only partially. Combination therapy with 2 or more antipsychotic drugs is quite common despite a clear recommendation for monotherapy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antipsychotic Agents* / administration & dosage
  • Antipsychotic Agents* / adverse effects
  • Basal Ganglia Diseases / chemically induced
  • Basal Ganglia Diseases / prevention & control
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Drug Interactions
  • Drug Therapy, Combination / adverse effects
  • Drug Therapy, Combination / statistics & numerical data
  • Drug Utilization Review / statistics & numerical data
  • Episode of Care
  • Guideline Adherence* / standards
  • Guideline Adherence* / statistics & numerical data
  • Hospitals, Psychiatric / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives* / administration & dosage
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives* / adverse effects
  • Inpatients / statistics & numerical data
  • Medical Records / statistics & numerical data
  • Medication Therapy Management / standards
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
  • Psychotic Disorders / diagnosis
  • Psychotic Disorders / drug therapy*
  • Psychotic Disorders / etiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Schizophrenia / complications
  • Schizophrenia / diagnosis
  • Schizophrenia / drug therapy*

Substances

  • Antipsychotic Agents
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives