The effect of levetiracetam on focal nocturnal epileptiform activity during sleep--a placebo-controlled double-blind cross-over study

Epilepsy Behav. 2012 May;24(1):44-8. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.02.024. Epub 2012 Apr 10.

Abstract

Electric Status Epilepticus during Sleep (ESES) occurs in children with and without epilepsy. It may be related to disturbances as autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and acquired aphasia (Landau-Kleffner syndrome). Antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment has been reported in small studies without placebo control. This study was designed to assess AED effect in a placebo-controlled double-blind cross-over study. Levetiracetam (LEV) was chosen based on clinical evidence. Eighteen patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The mean spike index at baseline was 56, falling to a mean of 37 at the end of the LEV treatment period. Assessed with a 2-way ANOVA, there is a significant treatment effect (p<0.0002). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first placebo-controlled double-blind cross-over study for any AED in patients with ESES. The effect of LEV is comparable with its effect in treatment of epileptic seizures.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Analysis of Variance
  • Anticonvulsants / therapeutic use*
  • Child
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Electroencephalography
  • Epilepsies, Myoclonic / complications
  • Epilepsies, Myoclonic / drug therapy*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Levetiracetam
  • Male
  • Piracetam / analogs & derivatives*
  • Piracetam / therapeutic use
  • Sleep Wake Disorders / complications
  • Sleep Wake Disorders / drug therapy*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anticonvulsants
  • Levetiracetam
  • Piracetam