Abstract
Influenza viruses are among the most important human pathogens and are responsible for annual epidemics and sporadic, potentially devastating pandemics. The humoral immune response plays an important role in the defense against these viruses, providing protection mainly by producing antibodies directed against the hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein. However, their high genetic variability allows the virus to evade the host immune response and the potential protection offered by seasonal vaccines. The emergence of resistance to antiviral drugs in recent years further limits the options available for the control of influenza. The development of alternative strategies for influenza prophylaxis and therapy is therefore urgently needed. In this study, we describe a human monoclonal antibody (PN-SIA49) that recognizes a highly conserved epitope located on the stem region of the HA and able to neutralize a broad spectrum of influenza viruses belonging to different subtypes (H1, H2 and H5). Furthermore, we describe its protective activity in mice after lethal challenge with H1N1 and H5N1 viruses suggesting a potential application in the treatment of influenza virus infections.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Animals
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Antibodies, Monoclonal / immunology
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Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use*
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Antibodies, Viral / immunology
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Epitopes / genetics
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Epitopes / immunology
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Female
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Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / chemistry
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Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / immunology*
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Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / metabolism
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Hemagglutinins / genetics
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Hemagglutinins / immunology*
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Hemagglutinins / metabolism
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Humans
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Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / genetics
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Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / immunology*
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Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / genetics
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Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / immunology*
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Influenza Vaccines / immunology
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Influenza Vaccines / therapeutic use*
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Mutagenesis
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Mutation / genetics
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Neutralization Tests
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / immunology
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / prevention & control*
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / virology
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Protein Conformation
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Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Substances
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Antibodies, Monoclonal
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Antibodies, Viral
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Epitopes
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Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus
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Hemagglutinins
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Influenza Vaccines