Embolic protection device utilization during stenting of native coronary artery lesions with large lipid core plaques as detected by near-infrared spectroscopy

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2012 Dec 1;80(7):1157-62. doi: 10.1002/ccd.23507. Epub 2012 Apr 17.

Abstract

Background: Stenting of large lipid core plaques (LCPs), as assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), has been associated with periprocedural myocardial infarction (MI), possibly due to distal embolization.

Methods: An embolic protection device (EPD) was inserted before stenting in nine native coronary arteries with large LCP, as assessed by NIRS. Embolized material was assessed by histopathology.

Results: Mean age was 64 ± 7 years and all patients were men. The target lesion was located in the right (67%) or left anterior descending (33%) coronary artery. A filter was utilized in eight patients (89%) and proximal embolic protection in one (11%). In one patient two filters were required because the originally placed filter became obstructed with debris after initial stent placement. The mean percent angiographic stenosis prestenting and poststenting was 87% ± 9% and 2% ± 4%, respectively and final TIMI 3 flow was achieved in all patients. Embolized material was retrieved in eight of nine patients (89%) and consisted mainly of platelet and fibrin thrombi. The mean target segment lipid core burden index decreased from 395 ± 114 before stenting to 152 ± 106 after stenting (P < 0.001) and the lesion angular extent decreased from 312° ± 70° to 240° ± 90° (P = 0.07). Postprocedural MI occurred in two of nine patients (22%), in one of whom two filters were required.

Conclusion: Use of EPDs frequently resulted in embolized material retrieval after stenting of native coronary artery lesions with large LCPs. These findings support further study of EPDs as a means to prevent poststenting MI.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Coronary Angiography
  • Coronary Artery Disease / diagnostic imaging
  • Coronary Artery Disease / metabolism
  • Coronary Artery Disease / pathology
  • Coronary Artery Disease / therapy*
  • Coronary Vessels / chemistry*
  • Coronary Vessels / diagnostic imaging
  • Coronary Vessels / pathology*
  • Embolic Protection Devices*
  • Embolism / etiology
  • Embolism / metabolism
  • Embolism / pathology
  • Embolism / prevention & control*
  • Humans
  • Lipids / analysis*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / etiology
  • Myocardial Infarction / prevention & control
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / adverse effects
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / instrumentation*
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic*
  • Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared*
  • Stents*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Lipids