Does treatment affect the levels of serum interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and procalcitonin in diabetic foot infection? A pilot study

J Diabetes Complications. 2012 May-Jun;26(3):214-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2012.03.018. Epub 2012 Apr 20.

Abstract

Aims: To investigate about serum PCT, IL-6 and IL-8 levels and how they are affected by the treatment in diabetic foot patients.

Methods: Fifty patients' blood samples were taken to study ESR and CRP, IL-6, IL-8 and PCT before and at the 14th day of the treatment.

Results: The pretreatment results of the 50 patients showed positive correlations between PCT and either ESH (r=0.49, p<0.001), or CRP (r=0.56, p<0.001). Similarly, there was a positive correlation between IL-6 and ESH (r=0.46, p=0.001), just like as it was between IL-6 and CRP (r=0.54, p<0.001). At the 14th day, the levels of ESR (70 ± 30.2 and 58.4 ± 26.2, p=0.02), CRP (63.8 ± 73.1 and 18.1 ± 19.7, p<0.001) and PCT (0.6 ± 2.1 and 0.05 ± 0.02, p=0.007) were significantly decreased while IL-6 was decreased at a close range to statistical significancy at healing patients (97.5 ± 147.2 and 47.1 ± 77.6; p=0.05), but they did not at nonhealing patients. IL-8 levels were not changed anyhow.

Conclusions: PCT was significantly decreased such as ESR and CRP were in the early phase of healing; IL-6 and IL-8 levels were also decreased by the treatment, but not statistically significantly. IL-6 and PCT were affected in correlation with the other inflammatory parameters in the beginning, but IL-8 was not. PCT and IL-6 may be useful like CRP and ESR in the diagnosis and follow up of diabetic foot infection, but IL-8 is not. Further investigation is needed.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
  • C-Reactive Protein / analysis
  • Calcitonin / blood*
  • Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy
  • Diabetic Foot / blood*
  • Diabetic Foot / complications
  • Diabetic Foot / drug therapy*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infections / blood
  • Infections / complications
  • Infections / drug therapy
  • Interleukin-6 / blood*
  • Interleukin-8 / blood*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pilot Projects
  • Protein Precursors / blood*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • CALCA protein, human
  • Interleukin-6
  • Interleukin-8
  • Protein Precursors
  • Calcitonin
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide