Risk factors for biochemical recurrence following radical perineal prostatectomy in a large contemporary series: a detailed assessment of margin extent and location

Urol Oncol. 2013 Nov;31(8):1470-6. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2012.03.013. Epub 2012 Apr 24.

Abstract

Objectives: The implications of positive surgical margin (PSM) extent and location during radical perineal prostatectomy (RPP) have not been assessed in a contemporary series. We aimed to examine the incidence, location, and extent of PSM as well as their impact on biochemical recurrence (BCR) following RPP.

Materials and methods: A total of 794 patients underwent RPP by a single surgeon between June 1993 and August 2010. Covariates included age, pathologic T stage, pathologic Gleason sum, preoperative PSA, prostate volume, PSM extent, and location. Life table, Kaplan-Meier, and Cox regression analyses assessed predictors of BCR following RPP.

Results: PSM were recorded in 162 patients (20.4%); of these, 83 (51.2%) were focal (≤ 1 mm) whereas 79 (48.8%) were broad (>1 mm). Location of PSM was anterior 10.5%, posterior or lateral 14.8%, bladder neck 23.5%, apical 32.1%, and multifocal 19.1%. At a median follow-up of 54 months, the 5-year BCR-free probability was 90.8% in patients with negative margins, 77.5% in patients with focal PSM, and 47.5% in patients with broad PSM. On multivariable analyses adjusted for age, pathologic T stage, pathologic Gleason sum, preoperative PSA, and prostate volume, broad PSM, (HR = 3.49, P < 0.001) as well as anterior (HR = 3.77, P = 0.003), bladder neck (HR = 2.25, P = 0.01) and multifocal (HR = 3.55, P < 0.001) PSM were independent predictors of BCR.

Conclusions: In this study, we present oncologic outcomes following RPP in a large contemporary cohort of patients undergoing RPP. In adjusted analyses, broad and anterior PSM carried the highest risk of recurrence after RPP.

Keywords: Biochemical recurrence; Margins; Perineal; Prostatectomy; Prostatic neoplasms.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Grading
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care / statistics & numerical data
  • Prognosis
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Prostate / pathology
  • Prostate / surgery*
  • Prostate-Specific Antigen / blood
  • Prostatectomy / methods*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / blood
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Prostate-Specific Antigen