Abstract
Today, HIV-infected children who have access to treatment face a chronic rather than a progressive and fatal disease. As a result, new challenges are emerging in the field. Recent lines of evidence outline several factors that can differently affect the ability of the immune system to fully reconstitute and to mount specific immune responses in children receiving HAART. In this paper, we review the underlying mechanisms of immune reconstitution after HAART initiation among vertically HIV-infected children analyzing the possible causes of suboptimal responses.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Anti-HIV Agents / administration & dosage*
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Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use
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Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
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B-Lymphocytes / drug effects
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B-Lymphocytes / immunology*
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B-Lymphocytes / pathology
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CD4 Lymphocyte Count
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Child
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Cytokines / biosynthesis
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Cytokines / immunology
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Female
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HIV / drug effects
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HIV / immunology*
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HIV Infections / drug therapy
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HIV Infections / immunology*
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HIV Infections / transmission
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HIV Infections / virology
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Humans
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Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
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T-Lymphocytes / drug effects
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T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
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T-Lymphocytes / pathology
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Time Factors
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Viral Load / drug effects
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Viral Load / immunology
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Virus Replication / drug effects
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Virus Replication / immunology
Substances
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Anti-HIV Agents
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Cytokines