Abstract
The inflammatory hypothesis of atherosclerosis postulates that inflammation within the plaque promotes plaque progression and complications. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine responsible for the amplification of the inflammatory response following injury. Animal studies show that IL-1 blockade is effective in limiting atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis and improving outcomes in acute myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Preliminary data in patients with acute myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and heart failure are promising. A large secondary prevention trial with canakinumab in patients with prior acute myocardial infarction is currently ongoing. Many unanswered questions remain regarding the optimal use of IL-1 blockade and the preferred agent.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Antibodies, Monoclonal / administration & dosage
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Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / administration & dosage
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use
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Cardiovascular Diseases / immunology
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Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control*
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Humans
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Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / administration & dosage
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Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / therapeutic use
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Interleukin-1 / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / administration & dosage
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / therapeutic use
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Secondary Prevention / methods*
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Treatment Outcome
Substances
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Antibodies, Monoclonal
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
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Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein
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Interleukin-1
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins
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canakinumab
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rilonacept
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gevokizumab