Colorectal cancer incidence in Germany: stage-shift 6 years after implementation of a colonoscopy screening program

Cancer Epidemiol. 2012 Oct;36(5):417-20. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2012.04.008. Epub 2012 Jun 5.

Abstract

Background: In 2002, colonoscopy was introduced as a tool for colorectal cancer screening in Germany. The long-term objective was to reduce the incidence in colorectal cancer (CRC) by detection and removal of advanced adenomas. Currently, the effect of colonoscopy screening on the population-based incidence of CRC in Germany is unknown.

Methods: We provide data on stage-specific (age-standardized) incidence rates in three federal states in Germany, 6 years after the implementation of colonoscopy.

Results: Between 2002 and 2008 a statistically significant decrease in CRC incidence could be observed (annually 3.0%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -3.8; -2.2). The decline could be observed in all advanced tumor categories (T2, T3, and T4), whereas the incidence of in situ carcinomas (Tis) increased annually by 51.6% (95% CI: 28.0; 79.4) until 2004, and remained stable until 2008.

Conclusion: The observed changes cannot be attributed definitively to the screening activities, but the presented data support a possible causal association.

MeSH terms

  • Age Distribution
  • Aged
  • Carcinoma in Situ / diagnosis
  • Carcinoma in Situ / epidemiology
  • Carcinoma in Situ / pathology
  • Carcinoma in Situ / prevention & control
  • Colonoscopy / statistics & numerical data*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / epidemiology*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / prevention & control*
  • Early Detection of Cancer / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Germany / epidemiology
  • Health Plan Implementation / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Mass Screening / organization & administration*
  • Mass Screening / statistics & numerical data*
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Sex Distribution