The gracilis myocutaneous free flap in swine: an advantageous preclinical model for vascularized composite allograft transplantation research

Microsurgery. 2013 Jan;33(1):51-5. doi: 10.1002/micr.21997. Epub 2012 Jun 18.

Abstract

Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) has become a clinical reality, prompting research aimed at improving the risk-benefit ratio of such transplants. Here, we report our experience with a gracilis myocutaneous free flap in Massachusetts General Hospital miniature swine as a preclinical VCA model. Fourteen animals underwent free transfer of a gracilis myocutaneous flap comprised of the gracilis muscle and overlying skin, each tissue supplied by independent branches of the femoral vessels. End-to-end anastomoses were performed to the common carotid artery and internal jugular vein, or to the femoral vessels of the recipients. Thirteen of fourteen flaps were successful. A single flap was lost due to compromise of venous outflow. This model allows transplantation of a substantial volume of skin, subcutaneous tissue, and muscle. The anatomy is reliable and easily identified and harvest incurs minimal donor morbidity. We find this gracilis myocutaneous flap an excellent pre-clinical model for the study of vascularized composite allotransplantation.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anastomosis, Surgical
  • Animals
  • Carotid Artery, Common / surgery
  • Femoral Artery / surgery
  • Femoral Vein / surgery
  • Free Tissue Flaps / blood supply
  • Free Tissue Flaps / transplantation*
  • Graft Survival
  • Jugular Veins / surgery
  • Models, Animal*
  • Muscle, Skeletal / blood supply
  • Muscle, Skeletal / transplantation*
  • Skin Transplantation*
  • Swine*
  • Transplantation, Homologous