Peanut component Ara h 8 sensitization and tolerance to peanut

J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Aug;130(2):468-72. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.05.019. Epub 2012 Jun 26.

Abstract

Background: Isolated Ara h 8 sensitization is suggested to be associated with no or mild symptoms among peanut-sensitized subjects.

Objective: We sought to investigate the occurrence of systemic reactions in children with isolated sensitization to Ara h 8.

Methods: Participants were 144 children sensitized to Ara h 8 (≥ 0.35 kU(A)/L) but not to Ara h 1, Ara h 2, or Ara h 3 (<0.35 kU(A)/L). An open oral challenge with peanut was performed in those subjects who did not consume peanut regularly, and an extended IgE reactivity profile was obtained. If the child had a documented history of systemic reactions up to grade I anaphylaxis, double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges were performed.

Results: One hundred twenty-nine (89.5%) children were either peanut consumers or did not react to peanut challenge. Another 14 (9.7%) children experienced oral cavity symptoms at the first 2 but not subsequent challenge doses. At the time of the double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge, 1 boy with a previous mild systemic reaction to peanut experienced lip swelling, stomach cramping, and objective tiredness. Reanalysis of IgE levels showed an increase in peanut IgE levels from 1.5 to 8.8 kU(A)/L, but IgE levels to Ara h 8 remained stable and IgE levels to Ara h 1, Ara h 2, and Ara h 3 were all still less than 0.35 kU(A)/L. The IgE level to Ara h 6 was 0.45 kU(A)/L.

Conclusion: Isolated Ara h 8 sensitization indicates tolerance to peanuts in almost all cases. However, sensitization against thus far unidentified determinants in peanut might cause symptoms in rare cases.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Adolescent
  • Allergens / adverse effects
  • Allergens / immunology
  • Anaphylaxis / complications
  • Anaphylaxis / immunology*
  • Arabinonucleosides / adverse effects
  • Arabinonucleosides / immunology*
  • Arachis / adverse effects
  • Arachis / immunology*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immune Tolerance*
  • Immunoglobulin E / blood
  • Immunoglobulin E / immunology
  • Male
  • Peanut Hypersensitivity / complications
  • Peanut Hypersensitivity / immunology*
  • Placebos
  • Skin Tests
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Allergens
  • Arabinonucleosides
  • Placebos
  • Immunoglobulin E
  • hypoxanthine arabinoside