Identification of pluripotent and adult stem cell genes unrelated to cell cycle and associated with poor prognosis in multiple myeloma

PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e42161. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042161. Epub 2012 Jul 31.

Abstract

Gene expression-based scores used to predict risk in cancer frequently include genes coding for DNA replication, repair or recombination. Using two independent cohorts of 206 and 345 previously-untreated patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM), we identified 50 cell cycle-unrelated genes overexpressed in multiple myeloma cells (MMCs) compared to normal human proliferating plasmablasts and non-proliferating bone marrow plasma cells and which have prognostic value for overall survival. Thirty-seven of these 50 myeloma genes (74%) were enriched in genes overexpressed in one of 3 normal human stem cell populations--pluripotent (18), hematopoietic (10) or mesenchymal stem cells (9)--and only three genes were enriched in one of 5 populations of differentiated cells (memory B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear cells, monocytes, osteoclasts). These 37 genes shared by MMCs and adult or pluripotent stem cells were used to build a stem cell score ((SC)score), which proved to be strongly prognostic in the 2 independent cohorts of patients compared to other gene expression-based risk scores or usual clinical scores using multivariate Cox analysis. This finding highlights cell cycle-unrelated prognostic genes shared by myeloma cells and normal stem cells, whose products might be important for normal and malignant stem cell biology.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult Stem Cells / immunology
  • Adult Stem Cells / metabolism*
  • Cell Cycle / genetics*
  • Gene Expression Profiling*
  • Humans
  • Immunologic Memory
  • Multiple Myeloma / genetics
  • Multiple Myeloma / immunology
  • Multiple Myeloma / pathology*
  • Pluripotent Stem Cells / immunology
  • Pluripotent Stem Cells / metabolism*
  • Prognosis

Associated data

  • GEO/GSE2658
  • GEO/GSE6561
  • GEO/GSE7234
  • GEO/GSE7896

Grants and funding

This work was supported by grants from ARC “Association pour la Recherche sur le 355 Cancer” (SL220110603450, Paris, France), the European Community (FP7- OVERMYR), the Tumorzentrum Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany, and the Deutsche Krebshilfe, Bonn, Germany, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Transregio TRR 79), Bonn, Germany. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.