Abstract
A Stenotrophomonas maltophilia mutant that coordinately hyper-expresses three resistance nodulation division-type efflux pump genes, smeZ, smeJ, and smeK, has been identified. SmeZ is responsible for elevating aminoglycoside MICs; SmeJ and SmeK are jointly responsible for elevating tetracycline, minocycline, and ciprofloxacin MICs and conferring levofloxacin resistance. One clinical isolate with this same phenotype was identified from a sample of six, and the isolate also coordinately hyper-expresses smeZ and smeJK, confirming the clinical relevance of our findings.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
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Bacterial Proteins / biosynthesis*
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Bacterial Proteins / genetics
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Bacterial Toxins / biosynthesis*
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Bacterial Toxins / genetics
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Ciprofloxacin / pharmacology
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Ciprofloxacin / therapeutic use
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Gene Expression
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Genes, MDR*
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Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / drug therapy*
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Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / microbiology
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Humans
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Levofloxacin
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Membrane Transport Proteins / biosynthesis*
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Membrane Transport Proteins / genetics
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Microbial Sensitivity Tests
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Minocycline / pharmacology
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Minocycline / therapeutic use
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Ofloxacin / pharmacology
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Ofloxacin / therapeutic use
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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia / drug effects
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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia / genetics*
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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia / isolation & purification
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Tetracycline / pharmacology
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Tetracycline / therapeutic use
Substances
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Anti-Bacterial Agents
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Bacterial Proteins
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Bacterial Toxins
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Membrane Transport Proteins
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Ciprofloxacin
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Levofloxacin
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Ofloxacin
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Tetracycline
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Minocycline