Cost-effectiveness of vascular access for haemodialysis: arteriovenous fistulas versus arteriovenous grafts

Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2013 Jan;45(1):84-92. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2012.10.012. Epub 2012 Nov 13.

Abstract

Background: The use of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for haemodialysis treatment may be associated with a high early failure rate, but usually good long-term patency, while using an arteriovenous graft (AVG) yields a lower early failure rate with worse long-term patency. The aim of this study was to calculate and compare the costs and outcome of AVF and AVG surgery in terms of early and long-term patencies.

Methods: A decision tree and a Markov model were constructed to calculate costs and performance of AVFs and AVGs. The model was populated with a retrospective cohort of HD patients receiving their first VA. The outcomes were determined probabilistically with a 5-year follow-up.

Results: AVFs were usable for a mean (95% CI) of 28.5 months (24.6-32.5 months), while AVGs showed a patency of 25.5 months (20.0-31.2 months). The use of AVFs was the dominant type of VA and € 631 could be saved per patient/per month patency compared to AVG use. Regardless of the willingness to pay, the use of AVFs yielded a higher probability of being cost-effective compared to AVGs.

Conclusions: AVFs are more cost-effective than AVGs. Nonetheless, early failure rates significantly influence AVF performance and initiatives to reduce early failure can improve its cost-effectiveness.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical / adverse effects
  • Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical / economics*
  • Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / adverse effects
  • Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / economics*
  • Cost-Benefit Analysis
  • Decision Support Techniques
  • Decision Trees
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / economics
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / etiology
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / therapy
  • Health Care Costs*
  • Humans
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / economics
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy*
  • Markov Chains
  • Models, Economic
  • Postoperative Complications / economics
  • Postoperative Complications / therapy
  • Renal Dialysis / economics*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vascular Patency