Surgical strategies for unresectable hepatoblastomas

J Pediatr Surg. 2012 Dec;47(12):2194-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2012.09.006.

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the surgical strategies for unresectable hepatoblastomas at the initial diagnosis based on the experience of two institutions.

Methods: The PRETEXT (Pretreatment evaluation of tumor extent) and POST-TEXT (Post treatment extent of disease) staging, surgical treatments, and clinical outcomes were retrospectively analyzed for 12 cases with PRETEXT III or IV and M(-) of 29 hepatoblastomas treated based on the JPLT-2 (The Japanese Study Group for Pediatric Liver Tumor-2) protocol at two institutions between 1998 and 2011.

Results: Two of the 9 cases with PRETEXT III status were downstaged to POST-TEXT II. One of the 3 cases with PRETEXT IV showed downstaging to POST-TEXT III. Four of the 7 cases with P2 or V3 (indicated for liver transplantation) in the PRETEXT staging system showed P2 or V3 in POST-TEXT staging after 2 cycles of CITA (JPLT-2 standard regimen), and one case showed P2 or V3 in POST-TEXT staging at the initial operation and underwent primary liver transplantation. The initial surgical treatments were 1 lobectomy, 2 segmentectomies, 6 trisegmentectomies, 2 mesohepatectomies, and 1 primary liver transplantation. Both patients who underwent mesohepatectomies had bile leakage, and 1 of 5 trisegmentectomies had an acute obstruction of the right hepatic vein. Two patients underwent rescue living donor liver transplantation. Both of these patients showed P2 or V3 positive findings in POST-TEXT staging after 2 cycles of CITA.

Conclusions: POST-TEXT staging and P and V factors should be evaluated after 2 cycles of CITA for unresectable hepatoblastomas detected at the initial diagnosis. The patients should be referred to the transplantation center if the POST-TEXT IV, P2, or V3 is positive at that time. Liver resection by trisegmentectomy is recommended in view of the incidence of surgical complications. Careful treatment, such as back-up transplantation, should thus be considered for liver resection in the cases with POST-TEXT IV, P2, or V3 status after initial 2 cycles of CITA.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Child
  • Cohort Studies
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hepatectomy / methods*
  • Hepatectomy / mortality
  • Hepatoblastoma / drug therapy
  • Hepatoblastoma / mortality
  • Hepatoblastoma / pathology*
  • Hepatoblastoma / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Liver Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Liver Neoplasms / mortality
  • Liver Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Liver Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Liver Transplantation / methods*
  • Liver Transplantation / mortality
  • Male
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Postoperative Care
  • Preoperative Care
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Survival Analysis
  • Treatment Outcome