Human papillomavirus up-regulates MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and activity by inducing interleukin-8 in lung adenocarcinomas

PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54423. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054423. Epub 2013 Jan 21.

Abstract

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with non-smoking female lung cancer. Our previous report demonstrated that HPV 16 promotes lung tumor cell progression by up-regulating interleukin-17 (IL-17). IL-17 and its downstream signaling mediator, interleukin-8 (IL-8), have been implicated to modulate a variety of pro-angiogenic factors and play important roles in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Accordingly, we hypothesized that HPV infection may potentiate tumorigenic and metastatic characteristics of the infected cells through IL-8. The goal of the present study was to determine whether HPV infection in lung adenocarcinoma cells can promote the expression of IL-8 and metalloproteinases (MMPs) to make the transformed cells equipped with angiogenic and metastatic characteristics. The expression of IL-8 and MMPs in HPV 16 E6-transfected H1299 cells was analyzed to examine the hypothesis. HPV 16 E6 up-regulates pro-angiogenic MMP-2 and MMP-9 through inducing IL-8 expression in lung cancer cells. The results indicate that, in addition to cell proliferation-related machinery, HPV infection promotes the expression and activities of angiogenic and metastatic molecules in lung adenocarcinoma cells. The cytokines induced by HPV infection may work together to confer the malignant and tumorigenic potentials on the infected cells by promoting machineries of growth, angiogenic and metastatic characteristics.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / genetics*
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Human papillomavirus 16 / genetics
  • Human papillomavirus 16 / pathogenicity
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-8 / genetics*
  • Lung Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / genetics*
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / genetics*
  • Papillomavirus Infections / complications
  • Papillomavirus Infections / genetics
  • Papillomavirus Infections / virology
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • Interleukin-8
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9

Grants and funding

This work was supported in part by grants from the National Science Council, Taiwan, Republic of China (NSC98-2320-B-010-034-MY3, NSC101-2320-B-010-052-MY3 and NSC100-2320-B-241-003). No additional external funding was received for this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.