Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by overexpression of cyclin D1 and the t(11;14)(q13;q32) chromosomal translocation. MCL is biologically and clinically heterogeneous and frequently disseminates to extranodal areas. While a subset of patients have an indolent clinical course, the overall outcome for patients with MCL remains poor. There is no proven curative therapy, and no standard of care has been established for initial or subsequent lines of therapy. Several regimens are highly active in previously untreated patients, and recent research has led to improvements in currently available therapy. Moreover, investigational agents have recently demonstrated promising activity in clinical trials. A workshop was held to review recent data on MCL pathogenesis, novel molecular targets and alternative approaches to immunotherapy, and to discuss recent and ongoing clinical trials in MCL. The presentations are summarized in this article, which is intended to highlight areas of active investigation and identify important avenues for future research.