The sorption and desorption of phosphate-P, ammonium-N and nitrate-N in cacao shell and corn cob biochars

Chemosphere. 2013 Jun;91(11):1612-9. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.12.057. Epub 2013 Jan 29.

Abstract

The sorption of PO4-P, NH4-N and NO3-N to cacao shell and corn cob biochars produced at 300-350°C was quantified. The biochars were used; (i) as received (unwashed), (ii) after rinsing with Millipore water and (iii) following leaching with Millipore water. In addition to sorption, desorption of PO4-P from the unwashed biochars was quantified. There was no sorption of PO4-P to either washed or rinsed biochars, but following leaching, both biochars adsorbed PO4-P and distribution coefficients (Kd L kg(-1)) were very similar for both materials (10(1.1±0.5) for cacao shell biochar and 10(1.0±0.2) for corn cob biochar). The BET surface area and micropore volume increased 80% and 60% for the cacao shell and corn cob biochars following leaching. After 60 d, 1483±45 mg kg(-1) and 172±1 mg kg(-1) PO4-P was released from the cacao shell and corn cob biochars. NH4-N was sorbed by both unwashed biochars, albeit weakly with Kd values around 10(2) L kg(-1). We speculate that NH4-N could bind via an electrostatic exchange with other cationic species on the surface of the biochar. There was no significant release or sorption of NO3-N from or to either of the biochars.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Absorption
  • Ammonium Compounds / metabolism
  • Cacao / metabolism*
  • Charcoal / metabolism*
  • Chemistry Techniques, Analytical
  • Environmental Monitoring
  • Ferric Compounds / metabolism
  • Fertilizers / analysis
  • Indonesia
  • Nitrates / metabolism
  • Phosphates / metabolism*
  • Soil / chemistry*
  • Species Specificity
  • Zambia
  • Zea mays / metabolism*

Substances

  • Ammonium Compounds
  • Ferric Compounds
  • Fertilizers
  • Nitrates
  • Phosphates
  • Soil
  • biochar
  • Charcoal
  • ferric oxide