Abstract
Tracheal varices and bronchial varices are infrequently reported in adults as a complication of an underlying vascular obstruction, including portal hypertension, pulmonary arterial hypertension, or pulmonary venous hypertension. Tracheal varices and bronchial varices have been reported in adults with failing Fontan physiology, but this occurrence is rare in children. We report the unusual presentation of tracheal-bronchial varices due to veno-venous collaterals in an adolescent patient with Glenn physiology for double-inlet left ventricle and portal hypertension secondary to cardiac cirrhosis. We document complete resolution of these varices after heart and liver transplantation.
MeSH terms
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Adolescent
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Bronchi / blood supply*
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Bronchoscopy / methods
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Cardiac Catheterization / methods
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Collateral Circulation
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Embolization, Therapeutic / methods
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Fontan Procedure* / adverse effects
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Fontan Procedure* / methods
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Heart Defects, Congenital / surgery*
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Heart Transplantation*
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Hemorrhage / diagnosis
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Hemorrhage / etiology
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Hemorrhage / therapy
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Humans
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Hypertension, Portal / etiology
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Hypertension, Portal / physiopathology
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Hypertension, Portal / surgery
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Liver Cirrhosis / etiology
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Liver Cirrhosis / physiopathology
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Liver Cirrhosis / surgery
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Liver Transplantation*
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Male
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Postoperative Complications* / diagnosis
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Postoperative Complications* / physiopathology
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Postoperative Complications* / surgery
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Treatment Outcome
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Varicose Veins* / etiology
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Varicose Veins* / physiopathology
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Varicose Veins* / surgery