Deployment of proximal thoracic endograft in zone 0 of the ascending aorta: treatment options and early outcomes for aortic arch aneurysms in a high-risk population

Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2013 Sep;44(3):446-52; discussion 452-3. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezt068. Epub 2013 Mar 20.

Abstract

Objectives: Open repair of aortic arch aneurysms can be technically challenging. Hybrid approaches have been developed to facilitate arch repairs and improve their clinical outcomes in high-risk patients. We examined treatment options and early outcomes in patients whose thoracic endografts were deployed to include Zone 0.

Methods: Between 2005 and 2011, a hybrid approach in which the endograft was deployed in the ascending aorta was used in 29 patients (median age 67 years, range 32-85 years). The indication for surgery was saccular arch aneurysm in 11 patients (37.9%), fusiform arch aneurysm with or without involvement of the proximal descending aorta in 10 (34.5%), proximal Type I endoleak after endovascular repair of the descending aorta in 5 (17.2%), chronic Type III (Type B) aortic dissection with aneurysmal arch formation in 2 (6.9%) and acute Type I (Type A) dissection with prior repair of an extent I thoracoabdominal aneurysm in 1 (3.4%). Six patients (20.7%) had previously undergone a sternotomy. One-, two- or three-branch aortobrachiocephalic de-branching, with or without concomitant heart surgery, was performed in 28 patients and extra-anatomic bypass in 1.

Results: Two patients (6.9%) died during postoperative hospitalization. Overall survival during the follow-up period (median 411 days) was 79.3%. Five neurological events occurred: one extensive stroke, two minor strokes (10.3%) and two episodes of paraparesis (6.9%), one with partial recovery and one with full recovery.

Conclusions: The hybrid approach enables the treatment of aortic arch disease in high-risk individuals. Long-term follow-up data are needed.

Keywords: Aorta; Aortic arch aneurysm; Hybrid procedures; Thoracic; Zone 0.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aorta, Thoracic / surgery*
  • Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / surgery*
  • Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / adverse effects
  • Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / methods*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome