From 1972 through 1986, 173 female patients with urinary tract tumors were treated at Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital. Only 2 (1.2%) had primary transitional cell carcinoma of the anterior urethra. These patients were treated with local excision of the tumor, one patient remained alive for more than three years while the other one was lost during the post-operative follow-up. Primary female urethral tumors are mostly malignant tumors. Prompt diagnosis and aggressive treatment is the only way to prolong the patients' survival time.