Mimics and rare presentations of pediatric demyelination

Julia O'Mahony; Manohar Shroff; Brenda Banwell

doi:10.1016/j.nic.2012.12.010

Mimics and rare presentations of pediatric demyelination

Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2013 May;23(2):321-36. doi: 10.1016/j.nic.2012.12.010. Epub 2013 Jan 23.

Authors

Julia O'Mahony¹, Manohar Shroff, Brenda Banwell

Affiliation

¹ Divison of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

PMID: 23608693
DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2012.12.010

Abstract

This article reviews the features that should prompt consideration of diseases that mimic acquired demyelinating syndromes and multiple sclerosis using vignettes to highlight unusual clinical and radiologic features. Cases of transverse myelitis, spinal infarction, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, fever-induced refractory epileptic encephalopathy in school-aged children, small-vessel vasculitis, Griscelli syndrome type 2, cysticercosis, vitamin B12 deficiency, and chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy are presented.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Child
Demyelinating Diseases / diagnosis*
Diagnosis, Differential
Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated / diagnosis
Humans
Image Enhancement*
Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted*
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / diagnosis
Infarction / diagnosis
Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic
Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
Multiple Sclerosis / diagnosis
Myelitis, Transverse / diagnosis
Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / pathology
Optic Neuritis / diagnosis
Piebaldism / diagnosis
Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases
Spinal Cord / blood supply
Spinal Cord / parasitology

Supplementary concepts

Griscelli syndrome type 2