The metabolic inter-relationships between changes in waist circumference, triglycerides, insulin sensitivity and small, dense low-density lipoprotein particles with acute weight loss in clinically obese children and adolescents

Pediatr Obes. 2014 Jun;9(3):209-17. doi: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2013.00165.x. Epub 2013 Apr 25.

Abstract

Objective: Small, dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles are highly atherogenic and strongly associated with obesity-related dyslipidemia. The metabolic inter-relationships between weight loss induced changes in waist circumference, triglycerides, insulin sensitivity and small-dense LDL particles in clinically obese children and adolescents have not been studied.

Methods: Seventy-five clinically obese boys and girls (standardized body mass index 3.07 ± 0.59, aged 8-18 years) were recruited. Anthropometric, body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors were measured pre- and post-weight loss.

Results: There were highly significant reductions in anthropometric, body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors. Triglyceride change was positively correlated with LDL peak particle density and percentage LDL pattern B changes (relative abundance of small, dense LDL particles). Multiple regression analyses showed that changes in triglyceride concentration accounted for between 24 and 18% of the variance in LDL peak particle density and percentage LDL pattern B change, respectively. Changes in waist circumference and insulin sensitivity did not predict these changes in LDL characteristics.

Conclusion: Acute and highly significant weight loss significantly decreased LDL peak particle density and percentage LDL pattern B. The change in triglycerides was a strong predictor of LDL peak particle density and percentage LDL pattern B change.

Keywords: Insulin sensitivity; dense LDL; small; triglyceride; weight loss.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Body Mass Index
  • Caloric Restriction
  • Child
  • Dyslipidemias / epidemiology
  • Dyslipidemias / metabolism*
  • Dyslipidemias / prevention & control
  • Female
  • Health Education
  • Humans
  • Insulin Resistance*
  • Lipoproteins, LDL / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Pediatric Obesity / epidemiology
  • Pediatric Obesity / metabolism*
  • Pediatric Obesity / prevention & control
  • Pilot Projects
  • Triglycerides / metabolism*
  • Waist Circumference*
  • Weight Loss

Substances

  • Lipoproteins, LDL
  • Triglycerides