GABA-B-receptor antibodies in paraneoplastic brainstem encephalitis

J Neuroimmunol. 2013 Jun 15;259(1-2):88-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2013.04.004. Epub 2013 Apr 28.

Abstract

Background: Gamma-aminobutyric-acid B (GABA-B)-receptor encephalitis represents a novel entity among autoimmune CNS disorders. Most cases are characterised by limbic encephalitis.

Case report: A 63-year-old patient presented with acute vertigo, nausea and vomiting, facial palsy and dysarthria. He developed dysphagia, gait ataxia and, finally, respiratory failure. Antibodies to GABA-B receptors were positive and declined under treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone and plasma exchange, followed by clinical improvement and stabilisation. Broad tumour screening revealed oesophageal carcinoma.

Conclusion: The spectrum of neurological manifestations and tumours associated with the paraneoplastic variant of anti-GABA-B-receptor encephalitis may be broader than previously reported.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / complications
  • Autoantibodies / blood*
  • Brain Stem / immunology*
  • Brain Stem / pathology
  • Encephalitis / immunology*
  • Encephalitis / pathology
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / complications
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System / immunology*
  • Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System / pathology
  • Receptors, GABA-B / immunology*

Substances

  • Autoantibodies
  • Receptors, GABA-B