Effect of temozolomide on male gametes: an epigenetic risk to the offspring?

J Assist Reprod Genet. 2013 Jun;30(6):827-33. doi: 10.1007/s10815-013-9999-8. Epub 2013 May 8.

Abstract

Introduction: Temozolomide is an oral alkylating agent with proven efficacy in recurrent high-grade glioma. The antitumour activity of this molecule is attributed to the inhibition of replication through DNA methylation. However, this methylation may also perturb other DNA-dependent processes, such as spermatogenesis. The ability to father a child may be affected by having this treatment. Here we report a pregnancy and a baby born after 6 cures of temozolomide.

Methods: The quality of gametes of the father has been studied through these cures and after the cessation of treatment. Sperm parameters, chromosomal content and epigenetic profiles of H19, MEST and MGMT have been analysed.

Results: Sperm counts decrease significantly and hypomethylation of the H19 locus increase with time even staying in the normal range.

Conclusion: This is the first report of an epigenetic modification in sperm after temozolomide treatment suggesting a potential risk for the offspring. A sperm cryopreservation before the initiation of temozolomide treatment should be recommended.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • DNA Methylation / drug effects
  • DNA Modification Methylases / metabolism
  • DNA Repair Enzymes / metabolism
  • Dacarbazine / administration & dosage
  • Dacarbazine / adverse effects
  • Dacarbazine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Epigenesis, Genetic / genetics
  • Female
  • Germ Cells / drug effects*
  • Glioma / complications
  • Glioma / drug therapy*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Pregnancy
  • Proteins / metabolism
  • RNA, Long Noncoding / metabolism
  • Spermatogenesis / drug effects
  • Spermatozoa / cytology
  • Spermatozoa / drug effects*
  • Temozolomide
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • H19 long non-coding RNA
  • Proteins
  • RNA, Long Noncoding
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins
  • mesoderm specific transcript protein
  • Dacarbazine
  • DNA Modification Methylases
  • MGMT protein, human
  • DNA Repair Enzymes
  • Temozolomide