Small molecule fusion inhibitors: design, synthesis and biological evaluation of (Z)-3-(5-(3-benzyl-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidinylidene)methyl)-N-(3-carboxy-4-hydroxy)phenyl-2,5-dimethylpyrroles and related derivatives targeting HIV-1 gp41

Bioorg Med Chem. 2013 Dec 1;21(23):7539-48. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.04.046. Epub 2013 Apr 26.

Abstract

By a scaffold elongation strategy, a series of (Z)-3-(5-(3-benzyl-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidinylidene)methyl)-N-(3-carboxy-4-hydroxy)phenyl-2,5-dimethylpyrroles and related derivatives with a linear multi-aromatic-ring skeleton were designed, synthesized, and evaluated in HIV-1 gp41 and cellular assays. Among them, the most active compounds, 12e, 12g, and 12k with a one-carbon linker (n=1) between the rhodanine (C) and phenyl (D) rings, exhibited very promising inhibitory potency with IC50 values of 1.8-2.6 μM and EC50 values of 0.3-1.5 μM against gp41 6-HB formation and HIV-1 replication in MT-2 cells, respectively. Additionally, they were almost equally effective against both T20-sensitive and resistant strains. The related SAR studies and molecular modeling results provided potential for further developing a new class of non-peptide small molecular fusion inhibitors targeting the HIV-1 gp41.

Keywords: 3-Substituted N-(3-carboxy-4-hydroxy)phenyl-2,5-dimethylpyrrole derivatives; Anti-HIV agents; HIV-1 gp41; Small-molecule fusion inhibitors.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anti-HIV Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Anti-HIV Agents / chemistry*
  • Anti-HIV Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line
  • Drug Design*
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / chemistry
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / metabolism*
  • HIV Fusion Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
  • HIV Fusion Inhibitors / chemistry
  • HIV Fusion Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy
  • HIV Infections / virology
  • HIV-1 / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Pyrroles / chemical synthesis
  • Pyrroles / chemistry*
  • Pyrroles / pharmacology*
  • Small Molecule Libraries / chemical synthesis
  • Small Molecule Libraries / chemistry
  • Small Molecule Libraries / pharmacology

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp41
  • HIV Fusion Inhibitors
  • Pyrroles
  • Small Molecule Libraries