Selective variceal decompression and its role relative to other therapies

Am J Surg. 1990 Jul;160(1):60-6. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9610(05)80870-0.

Abstract

Seventy patients, selected from 265 patients with proved variceal bleeding, underwent a distal splenorenal shunt (DSRS) procedure with or without splenopancreatic disconnection (SPD). Alcoholic cirrhosis was the cause of portal hypertension in 57% of the patients. The operative mortality was 13% (Child's classes A and B 2%, class C 66%). Despite fewer varices in all of the patients, variceal rebleeding and death occurred in one patient (2%). Late portal perfusion was observed in 91% of the patients, with worsening in 23%, compared with the preoperative study. Persistent hepatocyte necrosis and incomplete SPD were the most significant prognostic factors for decreased perfusion (presence and absence of necrosis, 38% and 12%, respectively; DSRS and DSRS with SPD, 43% and 12%, respectively). SPD also decreased ongoing hepatocyte damage. Post-shunt encephalopathy was clinically evident in 7% of the patients, but after electroencephalographic evaluation, it increased to 24.6%. Significant factors in its development included decreased portal perfusion (62% versus 14%), active hepatitis (48% versus 17%), and incomplete SPD (43% versus 14%). The higher late liver-related mortality was associated with a lack of or decreased portal perfusion and the absence of SPD.

MeSH terms

  • Esophageal and Gastric Varices / complications
  • Esophageal and Gastric Varices / mortality
  • Esophageal and Gastric Varices / surgery*
  • Female
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / etiology
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / surgery*
  • Hepatic Encephalopathy / etiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications
  • Splenorenal Shunt, Surgical* / adverse effects
  • Splenorenal Shunt, Surgical* / methods