Superantigen-induced steroid resistance depends on activation of phospholipase Cβ2

J Immunol. 2013 Jun 15;190(12):6589-95. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1202898. Epub 2013 May 20.

Abstract

The glucocorticoid receptor is present in a TCR-associated complex, which includes the Src family tyrosine kinase Lck. Glucocorticoids rapidly dissociate this complex, resulting in the inhibition of canonical Lck-phospholipase C (PLC)γ-dependent TCR signaling. The relative importance of this nongenomic role for the glucocorticoid receptor compared with its direct transcriptional effects is not known. Superantigens induce a state of steroid resistance in activated T cells. It was reported that, in addition to canonical Lck-PLCγ signaling, superantigens can activate a noncanonical G protein-PLCβ-dependent signaling pathway. In this study, we show that staphylococcal enterotoxin B activates a Gαq and PLCβ2-dependent pathway in human T cells. We find that this pathway bypasses the need for canonical Lck-PLCγ signaling in T cell activation and renders superantigen-stimulated T cells insensitive to glucocorticoids in vitro. We show that the PLCβ inhibitor U-73122 sensitizes staphylococcal enterotoxin B-treated mice to dexamethasone in vivo. In conclusion, we find that effects of glucocorticoids on TCR-induced T cell proliferation are mainly nongenomic and can be bypassed by the activation of an Lck-independent signaling pathway.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blotting, Western
  • Dexamethasone / pharmacology
  • Enzyme Activation / drug effects
  • Enzyme Activation / immunology
  • Female
  • Glucocorticoids / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Immunoprecipitation
  • Lymphocyte Activation / drug effects*
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck) / immunology
  • Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck) / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Phospholipase C beta / immunology
  • Phospholipase C beta / metabolism*
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / immunology
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / metabolism
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects*
  • Signal Transduction / immunology
  • Superantigens / immunology*
  • Transfection

Substances

  • Glucocorticoids
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
  • Superantigens
  • Dexamethasone
  • Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck)
  • Phospholipase C beta