Mechanography in childhood: references for grip force, multiple one-leg hopping force and whole body stiffness

J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2013 Jun;13(2):227-35.

Abstract

Objective: We sought to study and procure reference values for weight-related maximum isometric grip force (MIGF), maximum voluntary force in relation to body weight (Fmvrel) and peak whole body stiffness (pKwb) in multiple one-legged hopping (m1LH) in childhood.

Methods: We examined 868 children and adolescents (436 female) aged 3 to 19 yrs. Weight related results are reported as multiples of earth's gravity (g).

Results: MIFG and Fmv(m1LH) are highly linearly correlated with body weight. After adjustment for weight, mean Fmvrel(m1LH) increases from the age of 3 to 6 yrs, then remains at 3.33 g (SD 0.31 g) between 6 and 19 yrs, independent of age and gender. The difference between legs decreases from 10% at 3 yrs to a constant 5.5% after the age of 7 yrs. Weight-adjusted MIGF also increases steeply from 3 to 6 yrs, then shows a further linear, less steep increase - in males through to age 19 yrs while females show a near-standstill after the age of 12 yrs. pKwb(m1LH) increases from the age of 7 yrs.

Conclusion: This data from normal children from a healthy Caucasian population provide a reference for tests of motor function.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Biomechanical Phenomena*
  • Body Weight / physiology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Gravitation
  • Hand Strength / physiology*
  • Head / anatomy & histology
  • Humans
  • Isometric Contraction
  • Leg / anatomy & histology
  • Leg / physiology*
  • Male
  • Movement / physiology
  • Physical Exertion / physiology*
  • Reference Standards
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Sex Characteristics
  • White People
  • Young Adult