Computational gibberellin-binding channel discovery unraveling the unexpected perception mechanism of hormone signal by gibberellin receptor

J Comput Chem. 2013 Sep 15;34(24):2055-64. doi: 10.1002/jcc.23355. Epub 2013 Jun 14.

Abstract

Gibberellins (GAs) are phytohormones essential for many developmental processes in plants. In this work, fundamental mechanism of hormone perception by receptor GID1 has been studied by performing computational simulations, revealing a new GA-binding channel of GID1 and a novel hormone perception mechanism involving only one conformational state of GID1. The novel hormone perception mechanism demonstrated here is remarkably different from the previously proposed/speculated mechanism [Murase et al., Nature 2008, 456, 459] involving two conformational states ("OPEN" and "CLOSED") of GID1. According to the new perception mechanism, GA acts as a "conformational stabilizer," rather than the previously speculated "allosteric inducer," to induce the recognition of protein DELLA by GID1. The novel mechanistic insights obtained in this study provide a new starting point for further studies on the detailed molecular mechanisms of GID1 interacting with DELLA and various hormones and for mechanism-based rational design of novel, potent growth regulators that target crops and ornamental plants.

Keywords: binding free energy; gibberellin; hormone perception mechanism; plant hormone; protein-ligand interaction.

MeSH terms

  • Arabidopsis / chemistry
  • Arabidopsis / metabolism*
  • Arabidopsis Proteins / chemistry
  • Arabidopsis Proteins / metabolism*
  • Gibberellins / metabolism*
  • Models, Molecular
  • Plant Growth Regulators / metabolism*
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Conformation
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / chemistry
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Thermodynamics

Substances

  • Arabidopsis Proteins
  • GID1a protein, Arabidopsis
  • Gibberellins
  • Plant Growth Regulators
  • Receptors, Cell Surface