Neonatal blood pressure monitoring: visual assessment is an unreliable method for selecting cuff sizes

Aim: To compare current practice of cuff size selection for noninvasive blood pressure measurement in a single-centre, tertiary-level neonatal intensive care unit (visual assessment of bladder width/limb length closest to 2/3) with common recommendations for appropriate cuff selection.

Methods: Visual assessment of the appropriate cuff size ('2/3 rule') for upper arm, forearm and calf in 103 neonates (309 cuff selections) was compared with the following recommendations: (i) Method A - guidelines of the cuff manufacturer, (ii) Method B - cuff width/limb circumference ratio 0.44-0.60 and (iii) Method C - cuff width/limb length ratio closest to 0.66.

Results: The upper arm cuff size was correctly chosen in 84% of cases (Method A), 43% (Method B) and 56% (Method C). The forearm cuff size was correctly chosen in 94% of cases (Method A), 68% (Method B) and 54% (Method C). The calf cuff size was correctly chosen in 96% of cases (Method A), 72% (Method B) and 63% (Method C).

Conclusion: The accuracy of selecting cuff size by visual assessment is low. Further research on accurate cuff selection for neonates, including at the forearm and calf, is warranted.