Desorption of arsenic from exhaust activated carbons used for water purification

J Hazard Mater. 2013 Sep 15:260:451-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.05.055. Epub 2013 Jun 6.

Abstract

This work aims to the analysis of arsenic desorption from an exhaust activated carbon used for the purification of a natural water. This last was used to mimic the properties of common groundwater or drinking water. Different low-cost and harmless eluting solutions were considered, including distilled water, natural water, saline (NaCl, CaCl₂ and NaNO₃) and basic (NaOH) solutions. Experimental results showed that, for 1g of activated carbon with arsenic loading close to the maximum value available for the model natural water (ω ≈ 0.1 mg/g), it is possible to recover more than 80% of the arsenic using 20 ml of 0.1 M sodium chloride solution. A temperature variation within 20 and 40 °C has scarce effect on desorption efficiency. A comparison between desorption data and adsorption isotherms data suggests that arsenic adsorption is actually a reversible process. Therefore, it is virtually possible to increase arsenic recovery efficiency close to 100% by increasing the NaCl concentration or the volume of the desorption solution, but a preliminary cost benefit analysis lead to consider a NaCl 0.1M solution as an optimal solution for practical applications.

Keywords: Activated Carbon; Arsenic; Desorption; Natural Water.

MeSH terms

  • Absorption
  • Adsorption
  • Arsenic / analysis
  • Arsenic / chemistry*
  • Carbon / chemistry
  • Charcoal / chemistry*
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Iron / chemistry
  • Kinetics
  • Quality Control
  • Salts / chemistry
  • Sodium Chloride / chemistry
  • Sodium Hydroxide / chemistry
  • Spectrophotometry, Atomic
  • Temperature
  • Water
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis*
  • Water Purification / instrumentation
  • Water Purification / methods*

Substances

  • Salts
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • Water
  • Charcoal
  • Sodium Chloride
  • Sodium Hydroxide
  • Carbon
  • Iron
  • Arsenic