Inter-individual differences in breathing pattern at high levels of incremental cycling exercise in healthy subjects

Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2013 Oct 1;189(1):59-66. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2013.06.027. Epub 2013 Jul 4.

Abstract

Interindividual differences in the rate of changes in tidal volume (V(T)) and respiratory frequency (f(R)) were examined during a maximal incremental cycling exercise. The gain of the inspiratory off-switch reflex was inferred from the V(T) vs. inspiratory duration (T(i)) relationship. Some subjects also executed a static handgrip exercise, used as a "non-dynamic" exercise trial to study patterning of breathing. Above the ventilatory threshold (V(Th)), two patterns of response were identified: in group 1, the rate of change in V(T) significantly increased, while in group 2 the breakpoint of ventilation solely resulted from f(R) increase. After the respiratory compensation point, a tachypnoeic response always occurred. A leftward shift of the V(T) vs. Ti relationship, i.e., an inspiratory off-switch reflex, was measured during the handgrip in group 2 subjects as well as marked f(R) variations. Our study identifies two different patterns of breathing after the V(Th). The subjects who present a tachypnoeic response to exercise above the V(Th) have a higher sensitivity to pulmonary inflation and their tachypnoeic response was ubiquitous during a maximal handgrip test.

Keywords: Maximal exercise, Break points, Breathing pattern.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Exercise / physiology*
  • Exercise Test
  • Hand Strength / physiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pulmonary Ventilation / physiology*
  • Respiration*
  • Tachypnea / physiopathology
  • Tidal Volume / physiology
  • Young Adult