Xepac protein and IP3/Ca2+ pathway implication during Xenopus laevis vitellogenesis

Zygote. 2015 Feb;23(1):99-110. doi: 10.1017/S0967199413000324. Epub 2013 Jul 26.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to elucidate the signalling pathways initiated by cAMP once inside the Xenopus laevis oocyte, where it triggers and maintains vitellogenin endocytic uptake. Our results showed the presence of Xepac transcripts at all stages of oogenesis and we demonstrated that a cAMP analogue that exclusively activates Xepac, 8-CPT, was able to rescue the endocytic activity in oocytes with uncoupled gap junctions. Inhibition experiments for the IP3/Ca2+ signalling pathway showed either a complete inhibition or a significant reduction of the vitellogenic process. These results were confirmed with the rescue capability of the A-23187 ionophore in those oocyte batches in which the IP3/Ca2+ pathway was inhibited. Taking our findings into account, we propose that the cAMP molecule binds Xepac protein enabling it to activate the IP3/Ca2+ pathway, which is necessary to start and maintain X. laevis vitellogenin uptake.

Keywords: IP3/Ca2+; Vitellogenesis; Xenopus laevis; Xepac; cAMP.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Calcimycin / pharmacology
  • Calcium / metabolism*
  • Calcium Ionophores / pharmacology
  • Calcium Signaling / drug effects
  • Cyclic AMP / analogs & derivatives
  • Cyclic AMP / metabolism
  • Cyclic AMP / pharmacology
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / metabolism*
  • Oocytes / drug effects
  • Oocytes / physiology*
  • Oogenesis / drug effects
  • Oogenesis / physiology*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Thionucleotides / pharmacology
  • Vitellogenins / metabolism*
  • Xenopus Proteins / genetics
  • Xenopus Proteins / metabolism*
  • Xenopus laevis

Substances

  • Calcium Ionophores
  • Thionucleotides
  • Vitellogenins
  • Xenopus Proteins
  • Calcimycin
  • 8-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)cyclic-3',5'-AMP
  • Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate
  • Cyclic AMP
  • Calcium