Development of a pharmacophore model for the catecholamine release-inhibitory peptide catestatin: virtual screening and functional testing identify novel small molecule therapeutics of hypertension

Bioorg Med Chem. 2013 Sep 15;21(18):5855-69. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.07.008. Epub 2013 Jul 17.

Abstract

The endogenous catecholamine release-inhibitory peptide catestatin (CST) regulates events leading to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Earlier we studied the structure of CST by NMR, molecular modeling, and amino acid scanning mutagenesis. That structure has now been exploited for elucidation of interface pharmacophores that mediate binding of CST to its target, with consequent secretory inhibition. Designed pharmacophore models allowed screening of 3D structural domains. Selected compounds were tested on both cultured catecholaminergic cells and an in vivo model of hypertension; in each case, the candidates showed substantial mimicry of native CST actions, with preserved or enhanced potency and specificity. The approach and compounds have thus enabled rational design of novel drug candidates for treatment of hypertension or autonomic dysfunction.

Keywords: 3D; ASA; AchR; BP; CHGA; CST; Catestatin; DBP; DSI; Data Sciences International (St. Paul, MN); HR; Hypertension; Molecular database screening; Molecular database search; Molecular fingerprint; NMR; Pharmacophore; Pharmacophore annotation; SBP; SEM; Similarity clustering; acetylcholine receptor; blood pressure; catestatin; chromogranin A; diastolic blood pressure; heart rate; nuclear magnetic resonance; standard error of the mean; systolic blood pressure; three-dimensional; water-accessible surface area.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Antihypertensive Agents / chemistry*
  • Antihypertensive Agents / pharmacology
  • Antihypertensive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Calcium / metabolism
  • Catecholamines / metabolism*
  • Chromogranin A / chemistry*
  • Chromogranin A / pharmacology
  • Chromogranin A / therapeutic use
  • Drug Design
  • Heart Rate / drug effects
  • Hypertension / drug therapy
  • Models, Molecular
  • PC12 Cells
  • Peptide Fragments / chemistry*
  • Peptide Fragments / pharmacology
  • Peptide Fragments / therapeutic use
  • Rats

Substances

  • Antihypertensive Agents
  • Catecholamines
  • Chromogranin A
  • Peptide Fragments
  • chromogranin A (344-364)
  • Calcium