Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of unmanipulated haploidentical allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells transplantation (PBSCT) on hematologic diseases.
Methods: Patients who underwent unmanipulated HLA-mismatched/haploidentical PBSCT from July 2007 to December 2011 were investigated retrospectively.
Result: Forty-nine patients with hematologic diseases underwent unmanipulated human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched/haploidentical PBSCT with myeloablative conditioning. All patients were mismatched at the allele level for HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-Cw, HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQ1. Fifteen patients were mismatched in 5 loci, 11 patients in 4 loci, 7 patients in 3 loci, 5 patients in 2 loci, and 11 patients in 1 locus. The median numbers of mononuclear cells and CD₃₄⁺ cells infused at transplantation were 10.01(7.05-25.34) × 10⁸/kg and 4.51 (2.01-11.47) × 10⁶/kg, respectively. Patients achieved myeloid and platelet engraftment at a median of 14 (10-25) days and 22 (10-135) days, respectively. The cumulative incidence of acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) on day 100 was (61.6 ± 7.3)%, and the 2-year cumulative incidence of chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) was (42.6 ± 8.5)%. One hundred-day transplantation related mortality (TRM) rate and 2-year cumulative TRM rate were (14.7 ± 5.1)% and (30.9 ± 8.8)%, respectively. The 2-year cumulative incidence estimate of relapse was (25.4 ± 7.0)%. The 2-year cumulative overall survival rate was (58.1 ± 8.8)% and 2-year disease-free survival rate was (53.9 ± 8.4)% with an 11.5-months median follow-up.
Conclusion: Unmanipulated PBSCT is a promising protocol for patients with hematologic diseases in HLA-mismatched/haploidentical transplant settings.