Myocardial fibrosis and QTc are reduced following treatment with spironolactone or amiloride in stroke survivors: a randomised placebo-controlled cross-over trial

Int J Cardiol. 2013 Oct 15;168(6):5229-33. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.027. Epub 2013 Aug 15.

Abstract

Introduction: Myocardial fibrosis is dysrhythmogenic and may contribute to the high incidence of cardiac death in stroke survivors, especially if they have long QTc. We tested the hypothesis that procollagen-1-carboxy terminal peptide (P1CP), a biomarker of myocardial fibrosis, might be improved following treatment with spironolactone or amiloride in stroke survivors. We also tested the hypothesis that both drugs would shorten QTc.

Study design: randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial (spironolactone vs. amiloride vs. placebo). Duration of Study: 3 months (1 month per drug). Primary endpoints: P1CP, QTc

Results: 11 stroke survivors (5 female), aged 71 ± 4, BP 139/81 mmHg ± 20/11 mmHg, completed the study. Both spironolactone and amiloride significantly reduced P1CP [Spironolactone-Placebo = -24 ug/L, 95% CI = -40 to -6.9; Amiloride-Placebo = -28 ug/L, 95% CI = -44 to -11]. Spironolactone and amiloride both shortened QTc [Spironolactone vs. Placebo=-18 ms(1/2), 95% CI = -36 to -0.55; Amiloride vs Placebo = -25 ms(1/2), 95% CI = -42 to -7.5].

Conclusions: Procollagen-1-carboxy terminal peptide was reduced following treatment with spironolactone within a month. Further, this is the first study demonstrating amiloride could also improve myocardial fibrosis. The beneficial effects of both drugs on myocardial fibrosis, coupled with their effects on raising potassium translated to a shortening of QTc. Future studies should test the hypothesis that these drugs might reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death in stroke survivors.

Keywords: Amiloride; Myocardial fibrosis; QTc; Spironolactone; Stroke.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Amiloride / administration & dosage*
  • Amiloride / adverse effects
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Diuretics / administration & dosage
  • Diuretics / adverse effects
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Fibrosis / drug therapy
  • Fibrosis / mortality
  • Fibrosis / pathology
  • Heart Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Heart Diseases / mortality
  • Heart Diseases / pathology
  • Humans
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / drug therapy
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / mortality
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / pathology
  • Long QT Syndrome / drug therapy*
  • Long QT Syndrome / mortality
  • Long QT Syndrome / pathology
  • Male
  • Placebos
  • Potassium / blood
  • Procollagen / blood
  • Spironolactone / administration & dosage*
  • Spironolactone / adverse effects
  • Stroke / drug therapy*
  • Stroke / mortality
  • Survivors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Diuretics
  • Placebos
  • Procollagen
  • Spironolactone
  • Amiloride
  • Potassium